Egos Deflating with the Great Recession: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis and Within-Campus Analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, 1982–2016

Jean M. Twenge*, Sara H. Konrath, A Bell Cooper, Joshua D. Foster, W. Keith Campbell, Cooper McAllister

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Scholars posit that economically prosperous times should produce higher individualism and narcissism, and economically challenging times lower individualism and narcissism. This creates the possibility that narcissism among U.S. college students, which increased between 1982 and 2009, may have declined after the Great Recession. Updating a cross-temporal meta-analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory to 2013 (k = 164, N = 35,095) and adding two within-campus analyses to 2015 (Study 2: UC Davis, N = 58,287) and 2016 (Study 3: U South Alabama, N = 14,319) revealed a non-monotonic pattern, with increases in NPI scores between 1982 and 2008 and declines thereafter. The decline in NPI scores during and after the recession took narcissism back to their original levels in the 1980s and 1990s. Implications for the interplay between economic conditions and personality traits are discussed.

Original languageAmerican English
Article number110947
Pages (from-to)1-8
Number of pages8
JournalPersonality and Individual Differences
Volume179
Early online dateApr 25 2021
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

  • General Psychology

Keywords

  • Birth cohort
  • Narcissism
  • Narcissistic personality traits
  • Recession
  • Time period

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